1. be to do
(1) 表示客观上事先商定、安排或准备要做的事情。如:
The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow.
明天学生们将在学校大门口集会。
(2) 表示可能性,必要、责任、义务、禁止等。如:
Her necklace was not to(couldn't)be found.
她的项链找不到了。
be to do sth 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事;be going to do sth表示主观的打算或计划做某事。试比较:
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午我打算去踢球。(主观安排)
2. be about to do
(1) 表示即将发生的动作,在时间上指最近的将来。如:
We are about to start. 我们就要出发了。
The new school year is about to begin. 新学年开学在即。
(2) 在含有be about to do的句子中,不能再加时间状语。如:
Wrong: The medical team is about to start immediately.
Right: The medical team is about to start. 医疗队就要出发了。
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