Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars
重点短语
1. in time 意为“及时”时相当于early enough, soon enough;意为“终于,早晚”时相当于sooner or later。
We got to the station just in time to catch the bus.
=We got to the station just in time for the bus.
我们到达车站时,刚好赶上了那班汽车。
The doctor came in time to save her life.
医生及时赶来救了她的命。
You’ll succeed in time if you keep on working hard.
假若坚持努力下去,你迟早会成功的。
联想拓展
be in time for sth./be in time to do sth.
对于某事是及时的/及时做某事
ahead of time提前;提早
all the time一直;始终
at one time曾经;一度
at a time一次
at times 有时
at the same time同时;然而;可是
from time to time不时;偶尔
in no time立刻;马上
take one’s time不急,慢慢来
time and time again一次又一次;一再
2. prevent ...from
阻止;制止
The heavy rain prevented us from going there.
这场大雨使我们没能到那里去。
易混辨析:prevent/stop/keep/protect
prevent, stop, keep与protect四者的常见结构为:
prevent ...(from) doing sth.;stop ...(from) doing sth.;keep ...from doing sth.; 均表示“阻止……做某事”。
上述三个结构中,在主动语态中stop 与prevent后可省去from,但在被动语态中不可省略; 而keep ...from ...中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。另外,
protect ...from ...表示“保护……不受……侵袭;阻挡;防御”。from后接能带来伤害或损害的事物。
This plan will be kept from being carried out.
这个计划将被阻止实施。
3. break out
突发;爆发(无被动语态)
Trouble may break out at any moment.
灾难在任何时候都可能突然发生。
When did the war break out? 战争什么时候爆发的?
It was at midnight that a fire broke out.
在午夜时分发生了一起大火。
联想拓展
break away from 脱离(政党等);打破(陈规等)
break down 出故障;(计划等)失败;(身体、精神等)垮掉
break in 破门而入,闯入;打断(话语)等
break into 破门而入;突然……起来
break off 折断;突然中止;断绝;结束
break through 突破
break up 敲碎;放假;散会
易混辨析:come about/happen/take place/break out/occur
come about 发生,相当于happen, take place。后面不可以接宾语,也不可以使用被动语态。
happen 强调偶然发生。
take place 指按计划、安排发生;举行
break out 多用于指战争、火灾、疾病、疫情的突然爆发。
occur 常用于句式: sth. occurs to sb. 某事发生在某人身上。
4. block out
挡住(光线)
That wall blocks out all the light.那堵墙把光线都遮住了。
联想拓展
burst out 大声喊叫;突然……起来
go out 外出;过时;熄(灯)
put out 关(灯);扑灭;生产
come out 出现,显露;出版;结果是
help out 帮助解决难题(或摆脱困境)
look out留神;注意
watch out 注意;提防;向外看
find out 找出,查明,发现
pick out挑出;辨认出,分辨出
speak out 大声地说;大胆地说
think out仔细思考(某事);想出(主意等)
hang out 挂出;闲逛
knock out (拳)击中,击倒,打昏
sell out 售完(某种货物),脱销
turn out 结果证明是
run out (of) 用完,耗尽
check out 结账离去,办妥手续离去
give out 分发(试卷等);发出(光、热等);用尽;耗完;筋疲力尽