高中英语词汇辨析：run out 和 run out of 的用法

run out

1. 跑出去；匆匆离开：例句: Lots of students ran out to see what had happened.

许多学生跑出去看发生了什么事情。

2. (液体)流出：例句: The water runs out at the other end of the pipe.

水从管子的另一端流出去。

3. 到期，期满：例句: Our contract runs out at the end of the month.

我们的合同在本月底到期。

4. 被耗尽，被用完：例句: You'd better go home before your money runs out.

你最好别等钱花光再回家。

5. 突出；伸出：例句: The wall runs out into the field.

这面墙一直延伸到田野里。

6. 把(绳子等)放出；拉出：例句: They ran the rope out a little at a time.

他们一次把绳子抽出来一点。

7. 使跑得精疲力竭：例句: I've run myself out. I can't go any further.

我跑得精疲力竭，再也走不动了。

8. [英国英语]用汽车把…送出去；驾车出游：例句: We ran out to the centre of the city this morning.

我们今天上午开车到市中心一带去玩。

9. 强迫离开；赶走：例句: If he refuses to leave here,the police will run him out.

如果他拒不离开此地，警方将强迫他离开。

10. 消失；失踪：例句: The cashier had run out with eighty thousand pounds in cash.

这个出纳员带着八万镑现钞消失得无影无踪。

run out of

1. 从…跑出来：例句: All the students run out of the classrooms as soon as the bell rings.

铃声一响，学生们都从教室里跑出来。

2. (液体)从…流出：例句: Filthy water runs out of the pipe every day.

污水每天从管道中流出来。

3. 耗尽，用完：例句: We ran out of coal,and had to burn wood.

我们的煤用光了，只好烧柴。

4. [美国英语]强迫离开；驱逐出…：例句: They ran the spies out of the country.

他们将间谍驱逐出境。

@关键是run out 是不及物词组，和主语是逻辑上的主谓关系

run out of是及物词组

所以呢run out是不及物的，后面不能加宾语，所以没有被动

run out of是及物的，后面必须加宾语

就是如果出现sth be run out那就是错的 只有sth run out

[比较] run out和run out of 这两个短语都有“用完”的意思，但用法不同。run out作不及物短语，表示“被用完；被耗尽；（人）把东西用完（或花光）”，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词，而run out of则是及物短语，表示主动。

[例题] 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。

1）Food supplies _____________ (已经吃完了) by the end of their last trip.

2）What if you were to _____________ (花完) money? What would you do?

3）They are _____________ (消耗尽) oil and the plane has to land on the field.

4）If we _____________ (没有用完) sugar, I wouldn’t have gone to the shops.

Key: 1）had run out2）run out of  3）running out of4）hadn’t run out of