高中英语语法：形容词和副词

10. 比较级形容词或副词 + than

例如：

You are taller than I. 你比我高。

They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.你房间的那些灯比我房间里的亮。

注意：

1) 要避免重复使用比较级。

(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.

(对) He is cleverer than his brother.

2) 要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

(错) China is larger than any country in Asia.

(对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.

3) 要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

4) 要注意定冠词在比较级中的使用。

比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?

Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?

She is taller than her two sisters.

She is the taller of the two girls. (taller后省略了名词girl)

11. 可修饰比较级的词

1) a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。

2) 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。

3) 以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。

12. many, old 和 far

1) 如果后接名词时，much more +不可数名词，many more +可数名词复数。

2) old有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。例如：

My elder brother is an engineer. 我哥哥是个工程师。

Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 玛丽是三姐妹中最大的。

3) far 有两种比较级，farther，further。一般father 表示距离，further表示进一步。例如：

I have nothing further to say. 我没什么要说了。

13. the + 最高级 + 比较范围

1) 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。例如：

The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。

形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。例如：

It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 这是个很重要的问题。

注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。

(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.

(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.

2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost。例如：

This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 这帽子差不多是最大的了。

注意：

a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。

This is the very best.

This is much the best.

b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如：

Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。

3) 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如：

Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 马克是班上最聪明的。

Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.

4) "否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so… as"结构也可以表示最高级含义。例如：

Nothing is so easy as this. 没比这更简单的了。

=Nothing is easier than this.

=This is the easiest thing.

14. 和more有关的词组

1) the more…the more…　越……就越……。例如：

The harder you work，the greater progress you'll make. 越努力，进步越大。

2) more B than A=less A than B 与其说A不如说B。例如：

He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 他工作时，与其说是反应慢不如说是懒。

3) no more… than… 与……一样……，不比……多。例如：

The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。

no less… than…　与……一样……。例如：

He is no less diligent than you. 他和你一样勤勉。

4) more than　不只是，非常。例如：

She is more than kind to us all. 她对我们非常热心。

法：形容词和副词