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中考英语动词时态、语态解析

动词时态、语态 I. 要点 1、一般现在时 (1) 表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态,常与 sometimes, always, often, every day 等时间...

动词时态、语态

I. 要点

1、一般现在时

(1) 表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态,常与 sometimes, always, often, every day 等时间状语连用。如:Sometimes, we go swimming after school. (2) 表示客观真理、科学事实等。如:The earth goes round the sun.

2、现在进行时

(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作,常与 now, at present 等时间状语连用。如:

    What are you doing now?

(2) 和 always, continually 等连用,表一种经常反复的动作,常含有某种情感。如:

    He is always doing good deeds.

3、现在完成时

     主要表示动作发生在过去,对现在仍有影响,或动作一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去,常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如:Have you ever been to Beijing?

4、一般将来时

    表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与 tomorrow, next year 等连用。如:

    I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.

    We're going to see a film next Monday.

5、一般过去时

    表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态,常与 yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago 等词连用。如:It happened many years ago.

6、过去进行时

    表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如:

    What were you doing this time yesterday?

7、过去完成时

    表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如:

    The train had already left before we arrived.

8、过去将来时

    表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如:

    He said he would come, but he didn't.

9、被动语态 

    被动语态以 give 为例。

     一般现在时被动语态:am is are + given

     现在进行时被动语态:am is are +being + given

     现在完成时被动语态:have has + been + given

     一般过去时被动语态:was were + given

     过去进行时被动语态:was were +  being + given

     过去完成时被动语态:had + been + given

     一般将来时被动语态:shall will + be + given

     过去将来时被动语态:should would + be + given

     将来完成时被动语态:shall will + have + been + given

     过去将来完成时被动语态:should would + have + been + given

II. 例题

例1. I learned that her father ____ in 1950.

     A. had died  B. died  C. dead  D. is dead

解析:该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前,但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态,而用一般过去时态。

例2. The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents.

     A. is looked            B. has looked for

     C. is being looked for  D. has been looked

解析:该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中,介词不能省,否则就变成了不及物动词短语,而不能用于被动语态的句子中。

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