中考英语复习：初中英语延续性动词与非延续性动词解析

动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。

一、延续性动词

1. 表示能够延续动作的动词，如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, 

walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。延续

性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。

2. 表示时间段的短语有: for+ 一段时间, for 2 years; since 从句, 

since he came here; since+ 时间点名词, since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time 等。

例: He has lived here for 6 years.

You can keep the book for 5 days.

I stayed there for 2 weeks last year.

How long did you stay there last year?

二、非延续性动词

1. 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词，表示不能延续动作的

动词，这种动作发生后立即结束。

如：open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy 等。

2. 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock

例: He died 5 years ago.

3. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。

例: I haven' t left here for 3 years.

I haven' t heard from him for 3 weeks.

三、延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换

leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have,   begin/start --- be on,   die --- be dead,  finish --- be over,  join --- be in+ 组织机构 , be a member of+ 组织机构 ,  open sth --- keep sth open,  fall ill ---  be ill,  get up---be up,   catch a cold --- have a cold,  come here --- be here, go there --- be there,   become --- be,   come back --- be back,  fall asleep --- be asleep,  get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in),  leave --- be away from,  get to know --- know, go (get) out → be out , put on → wear, catch a cold → have a cold 等。   

例: The old man died 4 years ago.  ----The old man has been dead for 4 years.  

He joined the Party 2 years ago.   ----He has been in the Party for 2 years.    

I bought the book 5 days ago.  ---- I have had the book for 5 days.