中考英语语法：冠词用法正误辨析（二）

冠词用法正误辨析

［误］Would you please buy some food for the supper.

［正］Would you please buy some food for supper.

［析］泛指一日三餐前无定冠词。

［误］I like to climb the mountain in the autumn.

［正］I like to climb the mountain in autumn.

［析］一年四季前不用定冠词，如：Spring is the best season in a year.

［误］Sometimes my parents come to school to see me.

［正］Sometimes my parents come to the school to see me.

［析］有些名词被用作其本身原来所含目的时不加冠词，如：go to school上学，leave school(辍学)，after school(放学)，但如果当建筑物讲时应加冠词，如例句中其父母来校不是上学，而是看望孩子，则要加定冠词。又如，He was in hospital for two days.(他在医院住院两天了。)而：He went to the hospital to see his mother.他去医院看望他的母亲。

［误］I bought a same dictionary as she bought.

［正］I bought the same dictionary as she bought.

［析］在惯用法the same, the only, the very前的定冠词不可换为不定冠词。

［误］The police caught the thief by his arm.

［正］The police caught the thief by the arm.

［析］这是英文表达法与中文的明显不同之处，也是初学者极易忽视之处。在英语中的某些动词，如：catch(抓)，take(拿)，strike (打),pat(拍)，hit(击)，hold(握)，pull(拉)…动词后应加人，再加介词on, by, in, with…之后要加定冠词，再加人体的某一部位。这时的定冠词千万不要换作his, her, their, 等词。

［误］He was paid by hour.

［正］He was paid by the hour.

［析］by和计量单位之间要有定冠词。这句话应译为：他的工资是按小时计算的。

［误］I went to New York by his car.

［正］I went to New York by car.

［正］I went to New York in his car.

［析］by仅仅与交通工具相连表示应用某种工具，而加了别的修饰词后其前面的介词也应作相应的转换。如：by car (坐小汽车)by taxi (坐出租车)by bike (骑自行车)by water (乘船)by air (乘飞机)by sea (乘船)

［误］Mary began to learn how to play piano when she was three.

［正］Mary began to learn how to play the piano when she was three.

［析］在乐器前要加定冠词，而在球类游戏之前则不要加冠词，如：They like to play bridge when they are free. (他们空闲时爱打桥牌)

［误］The little boy wanted to go to cinema.

［正］The little boy wanted to go to the cinema.

［析］英语中虽有一些名词与go to连用时不加定冠词，以表示该名词的内涵，如：go to school (上学)，go to bed(睡觉)等，但去看电影则例外，要用go to the cinema.这也是语言的一个特点。

［误］I live at 105 the Lake street.

［正］I live at 105 Lake Street.

［析］街道名称前不用冠词。

［误］Next summer holiday I will go to country to live on a farm.

［正］Next summer holiday I will go to the country to live on a farm.

［析］country既作国家讲也作乡村讲。作乡村讲时，一定要加定冠词，而且只有单数形式，作国家讲时则可有复数形式。如：Japan is a country .Japan, China, India are Asian countries.

［误］The picture looks better at the distance.

［正］The picture looks better at a distance.

［析］at a distance意为“离开一定距离”。而in the distance为“远方，远处”。这样常用的词组有：

as a rule (照例)

in a hurry (匆忙)

in the morning/afternoon (上/下午)

in the sun (在阳光下)

in the rain (雨中)

in the same way (同样)

in the shade (在阴凉处)

in the day time (白天)

in the end (最终)

on the other hand (换句话说)

on the contrary (相反)

［误］The little boy and girl walk along the street a hand in a hand.

［正］The little boy and girl walk along the street hand in hand.

［析］这是英语中的习惯用法，如：

bit by bit (逐渐)

day after (by) day (一天又一天)

day and night (日日夜夜)

face to face (面对面)

from A to Z (自始至终)

from time to time (再三)

hand in hand (手拉手)

shoulder by shoulder (肩并肩)