介词across, through 与 past都有“穿过”的意思,表示从一端到另一端的动作,其用法区别如下:
1. across 表示动作在某一物体的表面进行,含有on的意味。
He swam across the river.
他游过河去。
The drunk man staggered across the room.
那个醉汉摇摇晃晃地穿过房间。
The lake was frozen, so we walked across the ice.
湖面结冰了,所以我们从冰上走过。
2. through 则表示动作在某一物体的空间里进行,四面八方都有东西,含有in的意味。
The river flows through the city from east to west.
这条河从东到西贯穿这座城市。
Two friends were traveling together through the forest.
两个朋友一同旅行,穿过一片森林。
The river runs through our village.
这条河穿过我们的村子。
3. past 作介词有以下意思。
1)从......旁边路过,经过
The boys walked past our house. = The boys passed our house.
孩子们走过我们的房子。
They walked past without stopping.
他们一步不停地走了过去。
2)表钟点“过”
He usually gets up at half past six in the morning.
他常常早上六点半钟起床。
3)超过(指范围、程度、能力等)
Some of his poems are past my comprehension.
他的某些诗我无法理解。
此外,past还可以作名词(过去,昔日),形容词(过去的,刚过去的),副词(过,经过)。例如:
In the past he had to read by candlelight.(n)
过去他只得在烛光下攻读。
The danger in the front is past.(adj)
前面的危险已过。
The years went past. (adv)
岁月流逝。