英语基础语法：形容词与副词比较级和最高级（2）

一、可修饰比较级的词

有a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even 等

典型例题 :

1. --- Are you feeling ____?  

   --- Yes, I'm fine now.

A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better

　 答案： B. any 可修饰比较级， quite 修饰原级， well 的比较级为 better.

2. The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.

A. more B. much more C. much D. more much

答案： C. much 可修饰比较级，因此 B ， C 都说得通，但 easier 本身已是比较级，不需 more ，因此 C 为正确答案。

3. If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.

A. the happiest time 　　B. a more happier time

C. much happiest time 　D. a much happier time

答案： D 。

二、many,old 和 far

1. 如果后接名词时， much more + 不可数名词

many more + 可数名词复数　

2. old 有两种比较级和最高级形式 : older/oldest 和 elder/eldest 。 elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。

My elder brother is an engineer.

Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.

3. far 有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。

在美语中，father 表示距离，further 表示进一步。

I have nothing further to say.

三、the + 最高级 + 比较范围

1. The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the ，副词最高级前可不用。

形容词 most 前面没有 the ，不表示最高级的含义，只表示 " 非常 " 。

It is a most important problem.

=It is a very important problem.

注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。

( 错 ) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.

( 对 ) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.

2. 下列词可修饰最高级， by far, far, much, mostly, almost

This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.

注意：

a. very 可修饰最高级，但位置与 much 不同。

This is the very best.

This is much the best.

b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。

Africa is the second largest continent.

3. 句型转换：

Mike is the most intelligent in his class.

=Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.

“ 主语 + 比较级 +than any other…” 结构表示：主语所描述的事物比其他任何一个都 …… 比较级形式表示最高级含义。

注意：若比较范围不同， than 后应用 “any+ 可数名词的复数形式 + 其他 ” 。例如： China is larger than any countries in Africa. 中

国比非洲上的任何国家都大。

4. " 否定词语 + 比较级 " ， " 否定词语 + so… as" 结构表示最高级含义。

Nothing is so easy as this.

=Nothing is easier than this.

=This is the easiest thing.

四、和 more 有关的词组

1. the more… the more… 　越 …… 就越 ……

The harder you work ， the greater progress you'll make.

2. more B than A =less A than B 　与其说 A 不如说 B

He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work.

3. no more… than… 与 …… 一样 …… ，不比 …… 多

The officials could see no more than the Emperor.

no less… than… 　与 …… 一样 ……

He is no less diligent than you.

4. more than 　不只是，非常

She is more than kind to us all.

5. no more than 不过,仅仅

He is no more than a worker. 他仅仅是个工人。

It's no more than a misunderstanding. 这只是个误会。

典型例题

1） The weather in China is different from____.

A. in America 

B. one in America 

C. America

D. that in America

答案： D. 本题意为 " 中国的天气比美国热。 " 比较的是天气而不是国家， C 不能选。 A 没有名词，后句成分不全，排除。 B 和 D 中， B 中的 

one 常用来代替可数名词，而 that 可车以代替不可数或抽象名词，所以选 D 。

2） After the new technique was introduced ， the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before.

A. as twice many 

B. as many twice 

C. twice as many 

D. twice many as

答案 C. 此句意为 " 这个厂 1988 能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍 " 。 表示倍数用 " 倍数 + as + 形容词原形 + as + 比较对象 " 的句型。所

以此句答案为 C 。

This ruler is three times as long as that one.